DUPUYTREN LITERATURE: PHOTOBIOMODULATION

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Active Dupuytren disease is associated with immune and inflammatory cytokine abnormalities. The same is true of other inflammatory and fibrotic diseases and conditions associated with abnormal wound healing. Photobiomodulation refers to the molecular effects of light spectrum exposure below the threshold of tissue injury. The following publications report evidence of the effect of light therapy on these sister conditions. Light therapy might be useful in the treatment of early active nodular Dupuytren disease.

It’s complicated. Reported effects vary with light wavelength, the strength of the light source, and duration of exposure, sometimes with opposite effects. This collection of articles is intended to form the bibliography of a future literature review on the potential of light therapy for early Dupuytren disease.

• • Abrahamse H. The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Photobiomodulation. Photomed Laser Surg. 2018;36(7):341-342. doi:10.1089/pho.2018.4485 (PDF)

• • Ahmed OM, Mohamed T, Moustafa H, Hamdy H, Ahmed RR, Aboud E. Quercetin and low level laser therapy promote wound healing process in diabetic rats via structural reorganization and modulatory effects on inflammation and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;101(November 2017):58-73. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.040 (PDF)

• • Aimbire F, Ligeiro De Oliveira AP, Albertini R, et al. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) decreases pulmonary microvascular leakage, neutrophil influx and IL-1ß levels in airway and lung from rat subjected to LPS-induced inflammation. Inflammation. 2008;31(3):189-197. doi:10.1007/s10753-008-9064-4 (PDF)

• • AL-Wattar, WMA. Effect of 790-805Nm Diode Laser Therapy on Mast Cell in Cutaneous Wound Healing in Mice. Int J Adv Res. 2016;4(10):535-541. doi:10.21474/IJAR01/1826 (PDF)

• • Alsharnoubi J, Shoukry KE-S, Fawzy MW, Mohamed O. Evaluation of scars in children after treatment with low-level laser. Lasers Med Sci. 2018;33(9):1991-1995. doi:10.1007/s10103-018-2572-z (PDF)

• • Alves AC, Vieira R, Leal-Junior E, et al. Effect of low-level laser therapy on the expression of inflammatory mediators and on neutrophils and macrophages in acute joint inflammation. Arthritis Res Ther. 2013;15(5):R116. doi:10.1186/ar4296 (PDF)

• • Amadio EM, Serra AJ, Guaraldo SA, et al. The action of pre-exercise low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the expression of IL-6 and TNF-a proteins and on the functional fitness of elderly rats subjected to aerobic training. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30(3):1127-1134. doi:10.1007/s10103-015-1713-x (PDF)

• • Amaroli A, Ravera S, Baldini F, Benedicenti S, Panfoli I, Vergani L. Photobiomodulation with 808-nm diode laser light promotes wound healing of human endothelial cells through increased reactive oxygen species production stimulating mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Lasers Med Sci. 2018; doi:10.1007/s10103-018-2623-5 (PDF)

• • Aparecida Da Silva A, Leal-Junior ECP, Alves ACA, et al. Wound-healing effects of low-level laser therapy in diabetic rats involve the modulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the redistribution of collagen types i and III. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2013;15(4):210-216. doi:10.3109/14764172.2012.761345 (PDF)

• • Ash C, Dubec M, Donne K, Bashford T. Effect of wavelength and beam width on penetration in light-tissue interaction using computational methods. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(8):1909-1918. doi:10.1007/s10103-017-2317-4 (PDF)

• • Assis L, Milares LP, Almeida T, et al. Aerobic exercise training and low-level laser therapy modulate inflammatory response and degenerative process in an experimental model of knee osteoarthritis in rats. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2016;24(1):169-177. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2015.07.020 (PDF)

• • Assis L, Moretti AIS, Abrahão TB, de Souza HP, Hamblin MR, Parizotto NA. Low-level laser therapy (808 nm) contributes to muscle regeneration and prevents fibrosis in rat tibialis anterior muscle after cryolesion. Lasers Med Sci. 2013;28(3):947-955. doi:10.1007/s10103-012-1183-3 (PDF)

• • Ayuk SM, Houreld NN, Abrahamse H. Laser irradiation alters the expression profile of genes involved in the extracellular matrix in vitro. Int J Photoenergy. 2014;2014. doi:10.1155/2014/604518 (PDF)

• • Bartos A, Grondin Y, Bortoni ME, et al. Pre-conditioning with near infrared photobiomodulation reduces inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress in cochlear hair cells. J Biophotonics. 2016;9(11-12):1125-1135. doi:10.1002/jbio.201500209 (PDF)

• • Basso FG, Pansani TN, Soares DG, et al. Biomodulation of Inflammatory Cytokines Related to Oral Mucositis by Low-Level Laser Therapy. Photochem Photobiol. 2015;91(4):952-956. doi:10.1111/php.12445 (PDF)

• • Basso FG, Soares DG, Pansani TN, et al. Proliferation, migration, and expression of oral-mucosal-healing-related genes by oral fibroblasts receiving low-level laser therapy after inflammatory cytokines challenge. Lasers Surg Med. 2016;48(10):1006-1014. doi:10.1002/lsm.22553 (PDF)

• • Bayat M, Kamali F, Dadpay M. Effect of Low-Level Infrared Laser Therapy on Large Surgical Osteochondral Defect in Rabbit: A Histological Study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2009;27(1):25-30. doi:10.1089/pho.2008.2253 (PDF)

• • Brochetti RA, Leal MP, Rodrigues R, et al. Photobiomodulation therapy improves both inflammatory and fibrotic parameters in experimental model of lung fibrosis in mice. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(8):1825-1834. doi:10.1007/s10103-017-2281-z (PDF)

• • Calderhead RG, Kim W-S, Ohshiro T, Trelles MA, Vasily D. Adjunctive 830 nm light-emitting diode therapy can improve the results following aesthetic procedures. Laser Ther. 2015;24(4):277-289. doi:10.5978/islsm.15-OR-17 (PDF)

• • Calderhead RG, Vasily DB. Low Level Light Therapy with Light-Emitting Diodes for the Aging Face. Clin Plast Surg. 2016;43(3):541-550. doi:10.1016/j.cps.2016.03.011 (PDF)

• • Campos L, Cruz E, Pereira FS, Arana-Chavez VE, Simïoes A. Comparative study among three different phototherapy protocols to treat chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in hamsters. J Biophotonics. 2016;9(11-12):1236-1245. doi:10.1002/jbio.201600014 (PDF)

• • Cardoso Bezerra SJ, Fioranelli Vieira G, Eduardo CDP, De Freitas PM, Aranha ACC. Laser Phototherapy (660 nm) Can Be Beneficial for Reducing Gingival Inflammation in Prosthodontics. Case Rep Dent. 2015;2015:15-20. doi:10.1155/2015/132656 (PDF)

• • Casalechi HL, Leal-Junior ECP, Xavier M, et al. Low-level laser therapy in experimental model of collagenase-induced tendinitis in rats: Effects in acute and chronic inflammatory phases. Lasers Med Sci. 2013;28(3):989-995. doi:10.1007/s10103-012-1189-x (PDF)

• • Chen AC-H, Arany PR, Huang Y-Y, et al. Low-level laser therapy activates NF-kB via generation of reactive oxygen species in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e22453. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022453 (PDF)

• • Chen C-H, Wang C-Z, Wang Y-H, et al. Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on M1-Related Cytokine Expression in Monocytes via Histone Modification. Mediators Inflamm. 2014;2014:1-13. doi:10.1155/2014/625048 (PDF)

• • Chung H, Dai T, Sharma SK, Huang Y-Y, Carroll JD, Hamblin MR. The Nuts and Bolts of Low-level Laser (Light) Therapy. Ann Biomed Eng. 2012;40(2):516-533. doi:10.1007/s10439-011-0454-7 (PDF)

• • Costa Carvalho JL, de Brito AA, de Oliveira APL, et al. The chemokines secretion and the oxidative stress are targets of low-level laser therapy in allergic lung inflammation. J Biophotonics. 2016;9(11-12):1208-1221. doi:10.1002/jbio.201600061 (PDF)

• • Cury V, de Lima TM, Prado CM, et al. Low level laser therapy reduces acute lung inflammation without impairing lung function. J Biophotonics. 2016;9(11-12):1199-1207. doi:10.1002/jbio.201500113 (PDF)

• • da Cunha Moraes G, Vitoretti LB, de Brito AA, et al. Low-Level Laser Therapy Reduces Lung Inflammation in an Experimental Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Involving P2X7 Receptor. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018;2018:6798238. doi:10.1155/2018/6798238 (PDF)

• • Da Ré Guerra F, Vieira CP, Oliveira LP, Marques PP, dos Santos Almeida M, Pimentel ER. Low-level laser therapy modulates pro-inflammatory cytokines after partial tenotomy. Lasers Med Sci. 2016;31(4):759-766. doi:10.1007/s10103-016-1918-7 (PDF)

• • Da Silva CM, Leal MP, Brochetti RA, et al. Low level laser therapy reduces the development of lung inflammation induced by formaldehyde exposure. PLoS One. 2015;10(11):1-16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142816 (PDF)

• • De Almeida P, Lopes-Martins RÁB, De Marchi T, et al. Red (660 nm) and infrared (830 nm) low-level laser therapy in skeletal muscle fatigue in humans: What is better? Lasers Med Sci. 2012;27(2):453-458. doi:10.1007/s10103-011-0957-3 (PDF)

• • De Almeida P, Tomazoni SS, Frigo L, et al. What is the best treatment to decrease pro-inflammatory cytokine release in acute skeletal muscle injury induced by trauma in rats: Low-level laser therapy, diclofenac, or cryotherapy? Lasers Med Sci. 2014;29(2):653-658. doi:10.1007/s10103-013-1377-3 (PDF)

• • de Jesus JF, Spadacci-Morena DD, dos Anjos Rabelo ND, Pinfildi CE, Fukuda TY, Plapler H. Low-level laser therapy in IL-1ß, COX-2, and PGE2 modulation in partially injured Achilles tendon. Lasers Med Sci. 2014;30(1):153-158. doi:10.1007/s10103-014-1636-y (PDF)

• • de Lima FM, Aimbire F, Miranda H, Vieira R de P, de Oliveira APL, Albertini R. Low-Level Laser Therapy Attenuates the Myeloperoxidase Activity and Inflammatory Mediator Generation in Lung Inflammation Induced By Gut Ischemia and Reperfusion: A Dose-Response Study . J Lasers Med Sci. 2014;5(2):63-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4291822/. (PDF)

• • de Lima FM, Bjordal JM, Albertini R, Santos F V., Aimbire F. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) attenuates RhoA mRNA expression in the rat bronchi smooth muscle exposed to tumor necrosis factor-a. Lasers Med Sci. 2010;25(5):661-668. doi:10.1007/s10103-010-0766-0 (PDF)

• • de Lima FM, Moreira LM, Villaverde AB, Albertini R, Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Aimbire F. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) acts as cAMP-elevating agent in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lasers Med Sci. 2011;26(3):389-400. doi:10.1007/s10103-010-0874-x (PDF)

• • de Lima FM, Villaverde AB, Albertini R, et al. Dual Effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the acute lung inflammation induced by intestinal ischemia and reperfusion: Action on anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Lasers Surg Med. 2011;43(5):410-420. doi:10.1002/lsm.21053 (PDF)

• • De Moraes JM, Eterno De Oliveira Mendonça D, Moura VBL, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of low-intensity laser on the healing of third-degree burn wounds in rats. Lasers Med Sci. 2013;28(4):1169-1176. doi:10.1007/s10103-012-1213-1 (PDF)

• • Desiderá A, Nascimento G, Gerlach R, Leite-Panissi C. Laser therapy reduces gelatinolytic activity in the rat trigeminal ganglion during temporomandibular joint inflammation. Oral Dis. 2015;21(5):652-658. doi:10.1111/odi.12330 (PDF)

• • Desmet KD, Paz DA, Corry JJ, et al. Clinical and Experimental Applications of NIR-LED Photobiomodulation. Photomed Laser Surg. 2006;24(2):121-128. doi:10.1089/pho.2006.24.121 (PDF)

• • do Nascimento PM, Pinheiro ALB, Salgado MAC, Ramalho LMP. A preliminary report on the effect of laser therapy on the healing of cutaneous surgical wounds as a consequence of an inversely proportional relationship between wavelength and intensity: histological study in rats. Photomed Laser Surg. 2004;22(6):513-518. doi:10.1089/pho.2004.22.513 (PDF)

• • dos Anjos LMJ, da Fonseca A de S, Gameiro J, de Paoli F. Apoptosis induced by low-level laser in polymorphonuclear cells of acute joint inflammation: comparative analysis of two energy densities. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(5):975-983. doi:10.1007/s10103-017-2196-8 (PDF)

• • Dos Santos SA, Alves ACA, Leal ECP, et al. Comparative analysis of two low-level laser doses on the expression of inflammatory mediators and on neutrophils and macrophages in acute joint inflammation. Lasers Med Sci. 2014;29(3):1051-1058. doi:10.1007/s10103-013-1467-2 (PDF)

• • Du F, Yu Y, Zhou Z, Wang L, Zheng S. Early treatment using fractional CO2 laser before skin suture during scar revision surgery in Asians. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2018;20(2):102-105. doi:10.1080/14764172.2017.1358452 (PDF)

• • Eells JT, Wong-Riley MTT, VerHoeve J, et al. Mitochondrial signal transduction in accelerated wound and retinal healing by near-infrared light therapy. Mitochondrion. 2004;4(5-6 SPEC. ISS.):559-567. doi:10.1016/j.mito.2004.07.033 (PDF)

• • El Massri N, Weinrich TW, Kam JH, Jeffery G, Mitrofanis J. Photobiomodulation reduces gliosis in the basal ganglia of aged mice. Neurobiol Aging. 2018;66:131-137. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.02.019 (PDF)

• • Erceg A, De Jong EMJG, Van De Kerkhof PCM, Seyger MMB. The efficacy of pulsed dye laser treatment for inflammatory skin diseases: A systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69(4):609-615.e8. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2013.03.029 (PDF)

• • Fabre HSC, Navarro RL, Oltramari-Navarro PVP, et al. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of low-level laser therapy on the postoperative healing process. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1645-1648. doi:10.1589/jpts.27.1645 (PDF)

• • Farivar S, Malekshahabi T, Shiari R. Biological effects of low level laser therapy. J Lasers Med Sci. 2014;5(2):58-62. doi:10.22037/2010.v5i2.5540 (PDF)

• • Fiório FB, Albertini R, Leal-Junior ECP, de Carvalho P de TC. Effect of low-level laser therapy on types I and III collagen and inflammatory cells in rats with induced third-degree burns. Lasers Med Sci. 2014;29(1):313-319. doi:10.1007/s10103-013-1341-2 (PDF)

• • Fiorio FB, dos Santos SA, de Melo Rambo CS, et al. Photobiomodulation therapy action in wound repair skin induced in aged rats old: time course of biomarkers inflammatory and repair. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(8):1769-1782. doi:10.1007/s10103-017-2254-2 (PDF)

• • Fisher SR, Rigby JH, Mettler JA, McCurdy KW. Photobiomodulation Therapy is More Effective than Cryotherapy for Skeletal Muscle Recovery: A Critically Appraised Topic. J Sport Rehabil. June 2018;1-19. doi:10.1123/jsr.2017-0359 (PDF)

• • Freitas CP, Melo C, Alexandrino AM, Noites A. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy on scar tissue. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2013;15(3):171-176. doi:10.3109/14764172.2013.769272 (PDF)

• • Fukuda TY, Tanji MM, Silva SR, Sato MN, Plapler H. Infrared low-level diode laser on inflammatory process modulation in mice: Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Lasers Med Sci. 2013;28(5):1305-1313. doi:10.1007/s10103-012-1231-z (PDF)

• • Fushimi T, Inui S, Nakajima T, Ogasawara M, Hosokawa K, Itami S. Green light emitting diodes accelerate wound healing: Characterization of the effect and its molecular basis in vitro and in vivo. Wound Repair Regen. 2012;20(2):226-235. doi:10.1111/j.1524-475X.2012.00771.x (PDF)

• • Guo H, Luo Q, Zhang J, Lin H, Xia L, He C. Comparing different physical factors on serum TNF-a levels, chondrocyte apoptosis, caspase-3 and caspase-8 expression in osteoarthritis of the knee in rabbits. Jt Bone Spine. 2011;78(6):604-610. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2011.01.009 (PDF)

• • Guo J, Wang Q, Wai D, et al. Visible red and infrared light alters gene expression in human marrow stromal fibroblast cells. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2015;18 Suppl 1(6228):50-61. doi:10.1111/ocr.12081 (PDF)

• • Gupta A, Dai T, Hamblin MR. Effect of red and near-infrared wavelengths on low-level laser (light) therapy-induced healing of partial-thickness dermal abrasion in mice. Lasers Med Sci. 2014;29(1):257-265. doi:10.1007/s10103-013-1319-0 (PDF)

• • Gupta A, Keshri GK, Yadav A, et al. Superpulsed (Ga-As, 904 nm) low-level laser therapy (LLLT) attenuates inflammatory response and enhances healing of burn wounds. J Biophotonics. 2015;8(6):489-501. doi:10.1002/jbio.201400058 (PDF)

• • Hamblin MR. NB Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation. AIMS Biophys. 2017;4(3):337-361. doi:10.3934/biophy.2017.3.337.Mechanisms (PDF)

• • Hamblin MR. Shining light on the head: Photobiomodulation for brain disorders. BBA Clin. 2016;6:113-124. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.09.002 (PDF)

• • Hawkins DH, Abrahamse H. The role of laser fluence in cell viability, proliferation, and membrane integrity of wounded human skin fibroblasts following Helium-Neon laser irradiation. Lasers Surg Med. 2006;38(1):74-83. doi:10.1002/lsm.20271 (PDF)

• • Hawkins-Evans D, Abrahamse H. Efficacy of three different laser wavelengths for in vitro wound healing. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2008;24(4):199-210. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0781.2008.00362.x (PDF)

• • Hazlewood D, Feng Y, Lu Q, Wang J, Yang X. Treatment of post-traumatic joint contracture in a rabbit model using pulsed, high intensity laser and ultrasound. Phys Med Biol. 2018;63(20):205009. doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aadff0 (PDF)

• • Heiskanen V, Hamblin MR. Photobiomodulation: Lasers: vs. light emitting diodes? Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2018;17(8):1003-1017. doi:10.1039/c8pp00176f (PDF)

• • Hentschke VS, Jaenisch RB, Schmeing LA, Cavinato PR, Xavier LL, Dal Lago P. Low-level laser therapy improves the inflammatory profile of rats with heart failure. Lasers Med Sci. 2013;28(3):1007-1016. doi:10.1007/s10103-012-1190-4 (PDF)

• • Ho G, Barbenel J, Grant MH. Effect of low-level laser treatment of tissue-engineered skin substitutes: contraction of collagen lattices. J Biomed Opt. 2009;14(3):034002. doi:10.1117/1.3127201 (PDF)

• • Houreld NN, Abrahamse H. Laser light influences cellular viability and proliferation in diabetic-wounded fibroblast cells in a dose- and wavelength-dependent manner. Lasers Med Sci. 2008;23(1):11-18. doi:10.1007/s10103-007-0445-y (PDF)

• • Houreld NN, Ayuk SM, Abrahamse H. Expression of genes in normal fibroblast cells (WS1) in response to irradiation at 660 nm. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol. 2014;130:146-152. doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.11.018 (PDF)

• • Hsieh Y-L, Cheng Y-J, Huang F-C, Yang C-C. The Fluence Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Inflammation, Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes, and Synovial Apoptosis in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis. Photomed Laser Surg. 2014;32(12):669-677. doi:10.1089/pho.2014.3821 (PDF)

• • Huang Y-Y, Sharma SK, Carroll J, Hamblin MR. Biphasic dose response in low level light therapy – an update. Dose Response. 2011;9(4):602-618. doi:10.2203/dose-response.11-009.Hamblin (PDF)

• • Huang Y, Chen A, Carroll J, Hamblin M. Biphasic dose response in low level lightherapy. Dose-Response. 2009; http://dose-response.metapress.com/index/a436330255602073.pdf. Accessed March 30, 2014. (PDF)

• • Huang YY, Chen ACH, Carroll JD, Hamblin MR. Biphasic dose response in low level lightherapy. Dose-Response. 2009;7(4):358-383. doi:10.2203/dose-response.09-027.Hamblin (PDF)

• • Huisstede BM, van Middelkoop M, Randsdorp MS, Glerum S, Koes BW. Effectiveness of interventions of specific complaints of the arm, neck, and/or shoulder: 3 musculoskeletal disorders of the hand. An update . Arch Phys Med Rehabil . 2010;91(2):298-314. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2009.09.023 (PDF)

• • Jang DH, Song DH, Chang EJ, Jeon JY. Anti-inflammatory and lymphangiogenetic effects of low-level laser therapy on lymphedema in an experimental mouse tail model. Lasers Med Sci. 2016;31(2):289-296. doi:10.1007/s10103-015-1854-y (PDF)

• • Jere SW, Abrahamse H, Houreld NN. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway and photobiomodulation in chronic wound healing. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2017;38(October):73-79. doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.10.001 (PDF)

• • Johnstone DM, Moro C, Stone J, Benabid AL, Mitrofanis J. Turning on lights to stop neurodegeneration: The potential of near infrared light therapy in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease. Front Neurosci. 2016;9(JAN):1-15. doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00500 (PDF)

• • Keshri GK, Gupta A, Yadav A, Sharma SK, Singh SB. Photobiomodulation with pulsed and continuous wave near-infrared laser (810 nm, Al-Ga-As) augments dermal wound healing in immunosuppressed rats. PLoS One. 2016;11(11):1-21. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166705 (PDF)

• • Khoo NK, Shokrgozar MA, Kashani IR, et al. In vitro therapeutic effects of low level laser at mRNA level on the release of skin growth factors from fibroblasts in diabetic mice. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2014;6(2):113-118. (PDF)

• • Kim JE, Woo YJ, Sohn KM, Jeong KH, Kang H. Wnt/ß-catenin and ERK pathway activation: A possible mechanism of photobiomodulation therapy with light-emitting diodes that regulate the proliferation of human outer root sheath cells. Lasers Surg Med. 2017;49(10):940-947. doi:10.1002/lsm.22736 (PDF)

• • Kim W-S, Calderhead RG. Is Light-Emitting Diode Phototherapy (Led-Lllt) Really Effective? Laser Ther. 2011;20(3):205-215. doi:10.5978/islsm.20.205 (PDF)

• • Kokkinopoulos I, Colman A, Hogg C, Heckenlively J, Jeffery G. Age-related retinal inflammation is reduced by 670 nm light via increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Neurobiol Aging. 2013;34(2):602-609. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.04.014 (PDF)

• • Krassovka J, Borgschulze A, Sahlender B, Lögters T, Windolf J, Grotheer V. Blue light irradiation and its beneficial effect on Dupuytren’s fibroblasts. PLoS One. 2019;14(1):e0209833. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209833 (PDF)

• • Kuboyama N, Ohta M, Sato Y, Abiko Y. Anti-inflammatory activities of light emitting diode irradiation on collagen-induced arthritis in mice (a secondary publication). Laser Ther. 2014;23(3):191-199. doi:10.5978/islsm.14-OR-15 (PDF)

• • Lang-Bicudo L, Eduardo FDP, Eduardo CDP, Zezell DM. LED Phototherapy to Prevent Mucositis: A Case Report. Photomed Laser Surg. 2008;26(6):609-613. doi:10.1089/pho.2007.2228 (PDF)

• • Laraia EMS, Silva IS, Pereira DM, et al. Effect of low-level laser therapy (660 nm) on acute inflammation induced by tenotomy of achilles tendon in rats. Photochem Photobiol. 2012;88(6):1546-1550. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01179.x (PDF)

• • Lee J-H, Chiang M-H, Chen P-H, Ho M-L, Lee H-E, Wang Y-H. Anti-inflammatory effects of low-level laser therapy on human periodontal ligament cells: in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;469-477. doi:10.1007/s10103-017-2376-6 (PDF)

• • Li WH, Fassih A, Binner C, Parsa R, Southall MD. Low-level red LED light inhibits hyperkeratinization and inflammation induced by unsaturated fatty acid in an in vitro model mimicking acne. Lasers Surg Med. 2018;50(2):158-165. doi:10.1002/lsm.22747 (PDF)

• • Liebert A. Emerging Applications of Photobiomodulation Therapy: The Interaction Between Metabolomics and the Microbiome. Photomed Laser Surg. 2018;XX(Xx):pho.2018.4527. doi:10.1089/pho.2018.4527 (PDF)

• • Lima AAM, Spínola LG, Baccan G, et al. Evaluation of corticosterone and IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a expression after 670-nm laser photobiomodulation in rats. Lasers Med Sci. 2014;29(2):709-715. doi:10.1007/s10103-013-1356-8 (PDF)

• • Lynch M, Ahern T, Sweeney CM, et al. Adipokines, psoriasis, systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Int J Dermatol. 2017;1-16. doi:10.1111/ijd.13699 (PDF)

• • Ma J-X, Yang Q-M, Xia Y-C, Zhang W-G, Nie F-F. Effect of 810 nm Near-Infrared Laser on Revascularization of Ischemic Flaps in Rats. Photomed Laser Surg. 2018;36(6):290-297. doi:10.1089/pho.2017.4360 (PDF)

• • Maligieri LAO, Neves LMG, de Morais DT, et al. ScienceDirect Differing energy densities with laser 670nm InGaP controls inflammation and collagen reorganization in burns. Burns. 2017;43(7):1524-1531. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2017.04.008 (PDF)

• • Mamalis A, Garcha M, Jagdeo J. Light emitting diode-generated blue light modulates fibrosis characteristics: fibroblast proliferation, migration speed, and reactive oxygen species generation. Lasers Surg Med. 2015;47(2):210-215. doi:10.1002/lsm.22293 (PDF)

• • Mantineo M, Pinheiro JP, Morgado AM. Low-level laser therapy on skeletal muscle inflammation: evaluation of irradiation parameters. J Biomed Opt. 2014;19(9):098002. doi:10.1117/1.JBO.19.9.098002 (PDF)

• • Marchionni AMT, Medrado AP, Silva TMC, Fracassi LD, Pinheiro ALB, Reis SRA. Influence of Laser (670 nm) and Dexamethasone on the Chronology of Cutaneous Repair. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010;28(5):639-646. doi:10.1089/pho.2009.2587 (PDF)

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